Wetland Plants
About New Zealand Native Wetland Plants
New Zealand’s native wetland plants are specially adapted to thrive in waterlogged soils and fluctuating water levels. They play a crucial role in filtering water, stabilizing banks, and providing habitat for native birds, fish, and insects. Key species include Carex secta (Pūkio), Eleocharis sphacelata (Tall Spike Sedge), and Typha orientalis (Raupo). Wetland plants are essential for healthy ecosystems and are widely used in restoration projects to improve water quality and biodiversity.
Wetland plants have evolved specialized adaptations to thrive in saturated or submerged environments. Some have air-filled tissues to transport oxygen to their roots, while others have modified leaf structures or reproductive strategies that allow them to flourish where most plants would perish.
Sadly, over 90% of New Zealand's original wetlands have been drained or modified since human settlement. The plants featured here represent some of our most remarkable wetland species, many of which can be incorporated into rain gardens, pond edges, or wetland restoration projects.
Raupō
Typha orientalis
Tall wetland plant with brown flower spikes, important for traditional weaving and wetland restoration.
Pūrei
Carex secta
Large tussock sedge forming dense clumps, vital for wetland restoration and wildlife habitat.
Kuta
Eleocharis sphacelata
Tall spike sedge, important for traditional weaving and wetland restoration.
Gunnera monoica
A tiny, mat-forming wetland plant with small, round leaves and inconspicuous flowers, excellent for ground cover in damp areas.
Mazus radicans
Mazus radicans is a creeping groundcover with small purple flowers, thriving in wet soils and ideal for bog gardens and pond edges.
