Mount Cook Lily - New Zealand's largest buttercup with spectacular white flowers

Native Flowering Plants of New Zealand

Introduction

Overview

New Zealand native flowering plants display a remarkable diversity of forms, colours, and ecological strategies. From the iconic kōwhai (Sophora spp.) with its bright yellow blooms to the vibrant red flowers of the pōhutukawa ( Metrosideros excelsa ), these plants provide essential food for native birds and insects. Many species, such as Clianthus maximus (Kākābeak) and Veronica salicifolia (Koromiko) (Hebe salicifolia is a synonym of Veronica salicifolia), are popular in gardens for their ornamental value and ability to attract pollinators. Native flowering plants are crucial for maintaining healthy ecosystems and supporting biodiversity.

About New Zealand's Native Flowers

New Zealand's native flowering plants offer unique colours and forms that have evolved in isolation. While often more subtle than exotic garden varieties, our native flowers have special adaptations to local conditions and provide essential food for native birds, bees, and other pollinators. Alpine specialists like NZ Plantain showcase remarkable evolutionary adaptations to high-altitude environments, while spectacular bloomers like Mountain Buttercup create brilliant golden carpets of colour across New Zealand's high country. Adding native flowering plants to your garden helps support local ecosystems.

Explore Our Native Flowering Plants

Cushion Daisy (Abrotanella caespitosa)

Cushion Daisy

Abrotanella caespitosa

A specialized alpine cushion daisy forming dense, low-growing mats in high-country environments.

Learn more
Small Cushion Daisy (Abrotanella pusilla)

Small Cushion Daisy

Abrotanella pusilla

Compact alpine cushion daisy forming dense mats.

Learn more
Puatea (Anaphalioides trinervis)

Puatea

Anaphalioides trinervis

Versatile trailing perennial with bright green foliage and delicate white flowers, native to damp New Zealand forests and stream-banks.

Learn more
Kopoti (Anisotome aromatica)

Kopoti

Anisotome aromatica

Robust and highly fragrant alpine perennial forming attractive rosettes of fern-like foliage, endemic to New Zealand.

Learn more
Wavy-leaved Anisotome (Anisotome flexuosa)

Wavy-leaved Anisotome

Anisotome flexuosa

Diminutive alpine perennial with small green rosettes and flexuous stems, endemic to South Island mountain regions.

Learn more
Arthropodium Cirratum

Renga Lily

Arthropodium cirratum

Renga Lily is fast-growing with notable shelter value; well suited to New Zealand plantings.

Learn more
Hector's Daisy (Celmisia hectori)

Hector's Daisy

Celmisia hectori

Stout subshrub forming intensely silvery patches in alpine grassland.

Learn more
Silver Cockscomb (Celosia argentea)

Silver Cockscomb

Celosia argentea

A vibrant tropical annual known for its striking, flame-like flower plumes and highly nutritious edible leaves.

Learn more
Common Sneezeweed (Centipeda cunninghamii)

Common Sneezeweed

Centipeda cunninghamii

Aromatic erect herb valued traditionally for its medicinal properties.

Learn more
Green Bird Orchid

Green Bird Orchid

Chiloglottis cornuta

A small terrestrial orchid with distinctive bird-like flowers; prefers cool, damp forest floors.

Learn more
Dancing Spider Orchid

Dancing Spider Orchid

Corybas acuminatus

Fascinating terrestrial orchid with long, thread-like sepals and a heart-shaped leaf, endemic to New Zealand.

Learn more
Cheeseman's Spider Orchid

Cheeseman's Spider Orchid

Corybas cheesemanii

A tiny terrestrial orchid with a helmet-like flower, found in deep leaf litter of shaded forests.

Learn more
Veined Helmet Orchid

Veined Helmet Orchid

Corybas diemenicus

Delicate terrestrial orchid with helmet-shaped flowers and prominent crimson veining, found in moist forest floors.

Learn more
Spider Orchid

Spider Orchid

Corybas oblongus

Widespread terrestrial orchid with a distinctive oval leaf and intricate crimson flowers, endemic to New Zealand.

Learn more
Dark Spider Orchid

Dark Spider Orchid

Corybas obscurus

Striking terrestrial orchid with nearly black flowers, found in the damp leaf litter of beech forests.

Learn more
St George's Spider Orchid

St George's Spider Orchid

Corybas sanctigeorgianus

Rare and localized terrestrial orchid with a velvety white and red flower, endemic to the North Island.

Learn more
Spider Orchid

Common Spider Orchid

Corybas trilobus

A highly variable terrestrial orchid forming dense colonies in diverse shaded habitats.

Learn more
Glass Spider Orchid

Glass Spider Orchid

Corybas vitreus

A tiny terrestrial orchid with a translucent center, endemic to New Zealand's moist forest floors.

Learn more
Tūrutu (Dianella nigra)

Tūrutu

Dianella nigra

Tūrutu is fast-growing with notable restoration use; well suited to New Zealand plantings.

Learn more
Epilobium Glabellum

Smooth Willow Herb

Epilobium glabellum

Smooth Willow Herb is fast-growing with notable restoration use; well suited to New Zealand plantings.

Learn more
Star Cudweed (Euchiton sphaericus)

Star Cudweed

Euchiton sphaericus

A resilient and adaptable native herb with silvery-grey foliage and distinctive globe-like flower clusters.

Learn more
Euphorbia Glauca

Shore Spurge

Euphorbia glauca

Shore Spurge is fast-growing with notable restoration use; well suited to New Zealand plantings.

Learn more
Fuchsia Excorticata

Tree Fuchsia

Fuchsia excorticata

Tree Fuchsia is fast-growing with notable evergreen foliage; well suited to New Zealand plantings.

Learn more
Fuchsia Procumbens

Trailing Fuchsia

Fuchsia procumbens

Trailing Fuchsia is fast-growing with notable shelter value; well suited to New Zealand plantings.

Learn more
Black Orchid

Black Orchid

Gastrodia cunninghamii

Unique chlorophyll-lacking orchid with a dark stem and white flowers, a parasitic native of New Zealand forests.

Learn more
Molloy's Potato Orchid

Molloy's Potato Orchid

Gastrodia molloyi

Rare leafless saprophytic orchid with tall golden-brown stems and sweet-scented flowers, endemic to New Zealand forests.

Learn more
Cinnamon Bells

Cinnamon Bells

Gastrodia sesamoides

Leafless saprophytic orchid with bell-shaped flowers, a cinnamon fragrance, found in New Zealand and Australia.

Learn more
Geranium Traversii

Chatham Island Geranium

Geranium traversii

Chatham Island Geranium is coastal-tolerant with notable evergreen foliage; well suited to New Zealand plantings.

Learn more
Gunnera Hamiltonii

Hamilton's Gunnera

Gunnera hamiltonii

Hamilton's Gunnera is resilient with notable shelter value; well suited to New Zealand plantings.

Learn more
Gunnera Monoica

Small Gunnera

Gunnera monoica

Small Gunnera is wind-hardy with notable restoration use; well suited to New Zealand plantings.

Learn more
Grassy St John's Wort

Grassy St John's Wort

Hypericum gramineum

Delicate native herb with upright stems and bright golden-yellow flowers, typically found in open, disturbed habitats.

Learn more
Large-flowered NZ Iris (Libertia grandiflora)

Large-Flowered NZ Iris

Libertia grandiflora

Large-flowered NZ Iris is wind-hardy with notable nectar for wildlife; well suited to New Zealand plantings.

Learn more
Yellow-seeded NZ Iris (Libertia ixioides)

Yellow-Seeded NZ Iris

Libertia ixioides

Yellow-seeded NZ Iris is resilient with notable evergreen foliage; well suited to New Zealand plantings.

Learn more
Small-Flowered Libertia

Small-Flowered Libertia

Libertia micrantha

Small-Flowered Libertia is a delicate forest iris with tiny white flowers, thriving in montane forests.

Learn more
Mazus Radicans

Swamp Musk

Mazus radicans

Swamp Musk is bird-attracting with notable evergreen foliage; well suited to New Zealand plantings.

Learn more
New Zealand Mint

New Zealand Mint

Mentha cunninghamii

Fragrant endemic herb with a prostrate habit and sweet minty scent, traditionally used by Māori for fragrance and medicine.

Learn more
Chatham Island Forget-Me-Not

Chatham Island Forget-Me-Not

Myosotidium hortensia

Chatham Island Forget-Me-Not is a spectacular coastal plant featuring giant glossy leaves and vibrant blue flowers.

Learn more
Cushion Forget-Me-Not

Cushion Forget-Me-Not

Myosotis pulvinaris

Delicate subalpine cushion plant with silvery-grey hairy leaves and small white flowers, adapted to harsh mountain environments.

Learn more
Ourisia Macrophylla

Large-Leaved Ourisia

Ourisia macrophylla

Large-leaved Ourisia is fast-growing with notable restoration use; well suited to New Zealand plantings.

Learn more
Campbell Island Daisy

Campbell Island Daisy

Pleurophyllum speciosum

Spectacular subantarctic megaherb with large ribbed leaves and vibrant purple-centered flowers, endemic to the Auckland and Campbell Islands.

Learn more
Ranunculus Lyallii

Mount Cook Lily

Ranunculus lyallii

Mount Cook Lily is wind-hardy with notable nectar for wildlife; well suited to New Zealand plantings.

Learn more
Raoulia Eximia

Large Mountain Daisy

Raoulia eximia

Large Mountain Daisy is bird-attracting with notable nectar for wildlife; well suited to New Zealand plantings.

Learn more
Scleranthus Uniflorus

Cushion Plant

Scleranthus uniflorus

Cushion Plant is resilient with notable shelter value; well suited to New Zealand plantings.

Learn more
Sophora Fulvida

West Coast Kōwhai

Sophora fulvida

West Coast Kōwhai is bird-attracting with notable restoration use; well suited to New Zealand plantings.

Learn more
Sophora Prostrata

Prostrate Kōwhai

Sophora prostrata

Prostrate Kōwhai is wind-hardy with notable evergreen foliage; well suited to New Zealand plantings.

Learn more
Sophora Tetraptera

North Island Kōwhai

Sophora tetraptera

North Island Kōwhai is fast-growing with notable timber value; well suited to New Zealand plantings.

Learn more
Long-Keel Kōwhai (Sophora longicarinata)

Long-Keel Kōwhai

Sophora longicarinata

A graceful limestone-loving kōwhai from the northern South Island, distinguished by its exceptionally long-keeled yellow flowers and fine, feathery foliage.

View details
Snow Hebe (Veronica albicans)

Snow Hebe

Veronica albicans

A compact and hardy alpine hebe with striking bluish-green foliage and clusters of white flowers, ideal for rock gardens and exposed sites.

View details
Bentham's Hebe (Veronica benthamii)

Bentham's Hebe

Veronica benthamii

A stunning blue-flowered hebe endemic to New Zealand's subantarctic islands, featuring distinctive white-edged leaves and vibrant terminal flower spikes.

View details
Cypress Hebe (Veronica cupressoides)

Cypress Hebe

Veronica cupressoides

A rare and highly distinctive native shrub with whipcord branches that mimic a cypress tree, emitting a delightful turpentine scent and producing delicate pale flowers.

View details
Coastal Hebe (Veronica elliptica)

Coastal Hebe

Veronica elliptica

A robust and highly salt-tolerant coastal shrub with glossy rounded leaves and large, fragrant white to mauve flower spikes, thriving on windswept clifftops.

View details
Fairy Foxglove (Veronica hulkeana)

Fairy Foxglove

Veronica hulkeana

A stunning small shrub known as the New Zealand lilac, producing spectacular, large panicles of pale mauve flowers that drape elegantly over rocky outcrops.

View details
Box-leaf Hebe (Veronica odora)

Box-leaf Hebe

Veronica odora

A compact, hardy native shrub with small glossy leaves and short spikes of white flowers, versatile enough for both subalpine and coastal gardens.

View details
Disc Hebe (Veronica pinguifolia)

Disc Hebe

Veronica pinguifolia

A compact and very hardy alpine shrub with distinctive thick, blue-green scoop-shaped leaves and profuse clusters of white flowers in summer.

View details
Willow-Leaved Hebe (Veronica salicifolia)

Willow-Leaved Hebe

Veronica salicifolia (synonym)

Willow-Leaf Hebe is a fast-growing evergreen shrub with willow-like leaves and fragrant drooping flower spikes, a quintessential part of the New Zealand bush.

Learn more
Napuka (Veronica speciosa)

Napuka

Veronica speciosa

A showy and resilient coastal shrub with glossy leathery leaves and striking magenta flower spikes, historically valued in Māori rituals and widely admired in gardens.

View details
Upright Koromiko (Veronica stricta)

Upright Koromiko

Veronica stricta

Upright Koromiko is an important Rongoā plant and hardy pioneer shrub with long pale green leaves and dense white flower spikes, thriving in open habitats.

Learn more
Whipcord Hebe (Veronica tetragona)

Whipcord Hebe

Veronica tetragona

A unique North Island alpine shrub with four-sided branches and scale-like leaves that mimic a conifer, perfectly adapted to the harsh conditions of mountain fellfields.

View details
Sky-blue Sun Orchid

Sky-Blue Sun Orchid

Thelymitra cyanea

Vibrant terrestrial orchid with bright blue, often striped, flowers from damp boggy habitats.

Learn more
White Sun Orchid

White Sun Orchid

Thelymitra longifolia

Adaptable terrestrial orchid with white to pale pink flowers that open in sunlight; found in diverse habitats.

Learn more
Slender Sun Orchid

Slender Sun Orchid

Thelymitra pauciflora

Widespread terrestrial orchid with blue, mauve or magenta flowers that open in sunlight.

Learn more
Striped Sun Orchid

Striped Sun Orchid

Thelymitra pulchella

Striking terrestrial orchid with blue, pink or white flowers with dark blue stripes.

Learn more
Forest Violet

Forest Violet

Viola filicaulis

Delicate creeping herb with white or cream flowers, naturally occurring in shaded, moist forest environments.

Learn more
Lyall's Native Violet

Lyall's Native Violet

Viola lyallii

Charming native violet with delicate purple-veined white flowers, found in damp, open habitats.

Learn more
Coastal Harebell (Wahlenbergia gracilis)

Coastal Harebell

Wahlenbergia gracilis

Widespread and hardy native "bluebell" with slender stems and delicate bell-shaped flowers.

Learn more
Winika / Bamboo Orchid (Dendrobium cunninghamii)

Winika

Dendrobium cunninghamii

Spectacular epiphytic orchid with bamboo-like stems and fragrant white and pink flowers, a summer forest highlight.

Learn more
New Zealand Harebell

New Zealand Harebell

Wahlenbergia violacea

New Zealand Harebell ( Wahlenbergia violacea ) is a slender perennial herb with bright blue-violet flowers, found in scrubland and disturbed areas.

Learn more

Growing Native Flowers in Your Garden

Tips for Success with Native Flowers

Native flowering plants can add colour and interest to your garden while providing food for native birds and insects. Most prefer well-draining soil and a sunny position, though some forest species will appreciate partial shade. Consider the natural habitat of each species when planning your garden.