Hoheria populnea
Lacebark (Hoheria populnea) is a beautiful native tree with distinctive bark that peels away in papery layers, revealing smooth, light-colored bark underneath. The dark green, leathery leaves and white summer flowers make this an elegant addition to native gardens. This fast-growing tree can reach 8-15 meters tall and provides excellent habitat for native birds and insects. The distinctive bark, which gives the tree its common name, creates a unique visual texture in the landscape. Lacebark is particularly well-suited to native trees collections and other coastal plants. The plant's rapid growth rate and attractive flowers make it an excellent choice for quick screening and ornamental purposes in native gardens.
| Scientific Name | Hoheria populnea |
|---|---|
| Height | 8-15 meters |
| Spread | 4-8 meters |
| Water Needs | Moderate |
| Light | Full sun to partial shade |
| Frost Tolerance | Moderate |
| Salt Tolerance | Low |
| Growth Rate | Fast |
| Lifespan | 30-60 years |
Lacebark thrives in warm, sheltered locations with well-draining soil. It prefers coastal and lowland areas of the North Island, particularly in the northern regions where it is most abundant. The plant is frost-sensitive and requires protection from cold winds, making it best suited to warmer climates. Its natural range extends from Northland to the central North Island, with some populations found in the northern South Island in particularly sheltered locations. The plant's preference for warm, sheltered environments makes it particularly well-suited to coastal gardens and protected inland locations in the northern half of the North Island.
| City | Climate Suitability |
|---|---|
| Whangārei | Ideal |
| Auckland | Ideal |
| Hamilton | Ideal |
| Tauranga | Ideal |
| Rotorua | Good |
| Gisborne | Ideal |
| New Plymouth | Good |
| Napier | Good |
| Whanganui | Good |
| Palmerston North | Good |
| Wellington | Marginal |
| Nelson | Marginal |
| Christchurch | Poor |
| Dunedin | Poor |
| Invercargill | Poor |
Lacebark prefers well-draining, fertile soil with good organic matter content. Sandy loam to clay loam soils work best, with the plant thriving in the rich, well-draining conditions typical of coastal and lowland forests. It requires slightly acidic to neutral pH (6.0-7.0) and benefits from regular organic matter additions. The plant performs best in soils that mimic its natural forest habitat. The plant's rapid growth rate means it benefits from nutrient-rich soils and regular applications of organic matter to support its vigorous development.
Lacebark performs best in full sun to partial shade with at least 6 hours of direct sunlight daily. Shelter from harsh afternoon sun in warmer regions to prevent leaf scorch. The plant should be protected from deep shade which reduces flowering and overall vigor. In its natural habitat, it often grows in open forest areas where it receives plenty of light.
Lacebark requires moderate watering during establishment to ensure good root development. It becomes drought-tolerant once established but benefits from regular moisture during the flowering period to maximize bloom production. The plant should be protected from waterlogging which can cause root rot, making good drainage essential for healthy growth.
This native plant requires specific growing conditions to thrive in New Zealand gardens. Understanding these requirements is crucial for successful cultivation and conservation of this species.
This native plant plays a vital role in New Zealand's unique ecosystem, contributing to biodiversity and supporting local wildlife through its ecological interactions. The plant provides habitat and food sources for various native species while contributing to soil health and ecosystem stability.
Lacebark is highly valued for ornamental purposes in native gardens and conservation projects. The distinctive bark and attractive flowers make it a valuable addition to native plant collections. The tree is excellent for educational gardens and restoration projects, where its unique bark texture and beautiful flowers can be appreciated. Its fast growth rate and wildlife-attracting qualities make it perfect for native forest gardens and coastal restoration projects.
Spring care involves removing dead growth and applying light fertilizer to encourage new growth and flowering. Summer maintenance includes regular watering and protection from extreme heat, particularly important during the flowering period. Autumn preparation includes reducing watering frequency as the plant prepares for dormancy. Winter care focuses on frost protection, especially important for young plants and in cooler regions where the tree may be marginally hardy.
Lacebark should be pruned after flowering to maintain shape and encourage new growth for the following season. Remove dead, diseased, or crossing branches to improve air circulation and reduce disease risk. Use clean, sharp tools and avoid removing more than one-third of foliage at any time to prevent stress. The tree responds well to pruning and can be shaped as needed, though its natural form is often most attractive.
Lacebark is naturally found in coastal and lowland areas of the North Island, particularly in the northern regions where it is most abundant. It typically occurs in mixed native forests, often in association with other coastal and lowland tree species. The plant is commonly found in sheltered locations where it is protected from harsh winds and extreme temperatures. Its natural range extends from Northland to the central North Island, with some populations found in the northern South Island in particularly sheltered locations.
Lacebark can be propagated from seed or semi-hardwood cuttings, though both methods can be challenging. Seed germination can be slow and erratic, with fresh seeds having the best success rates. Seeds may require scarification for better germination rates. Semi-hardwood cuttings taken in late summer root readily under mist conditions and can be treated with rooting hormone for improved success rates. The plant's fast growth rate means that propagated specimens will establish quickly once rooted.
Lacebark was held in high regard by Māori for its beauty and distinctive bark. Traditional knowledge suggests it was used for ornamental purposes and may have had medicinal applications. The distinctive bark was valued for its unique appearance and texture, and the tree's beautiful flowers made it a valued component of traditional landscapes. The plant's fast growth and attractive features made it useful for various cultural purposes in areas where it was abundant. This plant holds deep cultural significance in Māori traditions and continues to be valued for its historical importance and connection to New Zealand's indigenous heritage.
Lacebark is generally pest-resistant but can be affected by scale insects and aphids, particularly when stressed or in poor growing conditions. Root rot can occur in poorly drained soils, though this is rare given the plant's preference for well-draining conditions. Monitor for common garden pests and treat promptly if infestations occur. The plant's natural hardiness and adaptation to coastal conditions help it resist most pest and disease problems.
Lacebark is one of New Zealand's most beautiful native trees, with distinctive bark that peels away in papery layers, revealing smooth, light-colored bark underneath. The attractive white flowers and unique bark texture make it a valuable addition to native plant collections. The tree's fast growth rate and wildlife-attracting qualities make it an important component of New Zealand's coastal and lowland forest ecosystems.
Lacebark is related to other native tree species, particularly other members of the Malvaceae family. These trees share similar ecological roles and often occur together in native forest environments.
Learn moreHoheria populnea belongs to a broader family of native New Zealand plants that share evolutionary relationships and similar ecological adaptations. These related species often exhibit comparable growth patterns, environmental preferences, and cultural significance within Māori traditions.
Hoheria populnea should be planted in appropriate locations based on its natural habitat. Prepare the site by removing weeds and improving soil structure. Plant at the same depth as the original container and water thoroughly after planting.
Requires regular care and maintenance for healthy growth. Monitor soil moisture levels and adjust watering frequency based on seasonal conditions. Apply balanced native plant fertilizer during the growing season.
This beautiful tree grows 8-15 meters tall with a spreading, rounded crown. The distinctive bark peels away in papery layers, revealing smooth, light-colored bark underneath. The leaves are dark green and leathery, while the white flowers appear in clusters during summer.
Lacebark requires specific environmental conditions for optimal growth. This native tree prefers well-draining, fertile soil and performs best in full sun to partial shade. It requires moderate watering during establishment and benefits from regular moisture during flowering.
This species provides important habitat and food sources for native wildlife, particularly native birds and insects. The flowers attract native pollinators, while the dense foliage offers excellent shelter for birds and small mammals.
Lacebark grows well alongside other native forest species such as other Hoheria species, Sophora species, and native shrubs. These plants create diverse, wildlife-friendly native gardens that support local biodiversity. Excellent companions include other coastal and lowland tree species that share similar growing requirements and ecological roles.
This plant is highly valued in landscaping for its aesthetic appeal and practical benefits. Its attractive white flowers and graceful form make it perfect for creating focal points in native gardens. The plant's tolerance of challenging conditions makes it ideal for difficult sites where other trees struggle. Its beautiful flowers and wildlife-attracting qualities make it excellent for restoration projects and native plant collections.
Conservation of this plant and its natural habitat is important for future generations. Lacebark is not currently threatened, but coastal habitat loss poses ongoing challenges. Protecting existing populations and restoring degraded coastal environments helps ensure this beautiful native tree continues to thrive in New Zealand's coastal ecosystems.
The natural environment and ecological conditions where this species thrives in the wild. Understanding the natural habitat helps gardeners recreate optimal growing conditions and supports conservation efforts for this native species.
Lacebark belongs to the Malvaceae family and is one of several Hoheria species found in New Zealand. The genus is well-represented in the country's native flora, with species adapted to various environmental conditions from coastal areas to lowland regions.