Neglected Coprosma
Coprosma neglecta
This native plant, known as Neglected Coprosma (scientific name: Coprosma neglecta), is a robust, sprawling evergreen shrub endemic to New Zealand. It is characterized by its small, glossy green leaves and vibrant orange-red berries, making it a distinctive addition to coastal and rocky landscapes. This comprehensive guide provides detailed information on its habitat, cultivation, and ecological importance. Understanding this plant contributes to the appreciation of our rich biodiversity and heritage, and supports conservation efforts for native shrubs.
Plant Description
Identification and Physical Characteristics
Coprosma neglecta is a robust, sprawling evergreen shrub, typically growing up to 50 centimeters tall, but with branches that can spread up to 2 meters wide. It features long, cascading branches densely adorned with small, circular, or oval-shaped glossy green leaves, approximately 1 cm wide. The foliage sometimes exhibits a subtle blue-green hue. Its wiry, interlocking branches form a dense, compact shape, allowing it to withstand harsh winds. Small, dark, inconspicuous green flowers appear in spring, followed by vibrant orange-red fruit in late summer. These fleshy fruits are primarily dispersed by birds, contributing to the plant's spread in its natural habitat.
Quick Facts
| Scientific Name | Coprosma neglecta |
|---|---|
| Height | Up to 0.5 m (Shrub) |
| Spread | Up to 2 m |
| Water Needs | Low |
| Light | Full Sun to Partial Shade |
| Frost Tolerance | High |
| Salt Tolerance | High |
| Growth Rate | Moderate |
| Lifespan | Perennial |
Climate Best Suited to
Neglected Coprosma is well-suited to coastal and lowland climates of New Zealand's North Island, particularly around the North Cape and eastern Northland. It thrives in rugged terrain, on coastal cliffs and rocky outcrops, due to its resilience to salt spray and strong winds. While it prefers full sun, it can tolerate partial shade, making it adaptable to various exposed environments.
Regional Suitability
| City | Climate Suitability |
|---|---|
| Auckland | Highly Suitable |
| Wellington | Suitable |
| Christchurch | Suitable |
| Dunedin | Suitable |
| Nelson | Highly Suitable |
| Whangārei | Highly Suitable |
Plant Habitat
Natural Occurrence and Ecology
The natural habitat of Coprosma neglecta includes coastal and lowland forests, often found on coastal cliffs and rocky outcrops in exposed conditions. It is particularly common around the North Cape and eastern Northland. Its robust and sprawling growth habit allows it to anchor itself effectively in rugged terrain, where it can withstand strong winds and salt spray. It prefers well-draining soil conditions, typical of its rocky coastal environments.
Growing Requirements
Soil Requirements
Prefers well-draining soil; tolerates neutral to slightly acidic pH, reasonably rich in organic matter.
- Well-drained soil
- Neutral to acidic pH
- Rich in organic matter
Light Requirements
Thrives in full sun to partial shade. Full sun enhances growth and vibrancy.
- Full sun preferred
- Partial shade tolerated
- Minimum 50% sun
Water Requirements
Low water needs once established; drought-tolerant. Water every 2-3 weeks in dry periods.
- Drought-tolerant
- Water every 2-3 weeks
- Avoid waterlogging
Planting and Establishing
Establishment Guidance
Establishing Neglected Coprosma is relatively easy due to its hardiness and low-maintenance nature. Plant in spring or autumn in a well-draining location, ideally with full sun exposure for optimal growth and foliage vibrancy. Dig a hole twice the width of the root ball and backfill with a mix of native soil and compost. Space plants 1-2 meters apart to allow for its sprawling habit. Water well after planting and maintain consistent moisture for the first growing season to help establish a strong root system. Once established, it is highly drought-tolerant and requires minimal watering.
Ecological Role
Biodiversity and Ecosystem Impact
Coprosma neglecta plays a significant ecological role in New Zealand's coastal ecosystems. Its dense, sprawling growth habit helps stabilize soil on cliffs and rocky areas, preventing erosion. The vibrant orange-red berries are an important food source for native birds and lizards, which in turn aid in seed dispersal. Its ability to withstand harsh coastal conditions, including strong winds and salt spray, makes it a key species in these exposed environments, contributing to the biodiversity and resilience of coastal flora.
Uses & Significance
Garden Uses
An excellent choice for coastal gardens, rock gardens, and for erosion control on banks and slopes. Its sprawling habit makes it a great groundcover or specimen plant.
- Coastal gardens
- Rock gardens
- Erosion control
Ecological Value
Provides food and habitat for native birds and lizards. Important for soil stabilization in coastal and exposed environments.
- Bird food source
- Habitat provision
- Soil stabilization
Landscaping Uses
In landscaping, Neglected Coprosma is valued for its robust, sprawling growth and tolerance to harsh coastal conditions. It can be used as a low groundcover, a specimen plant, or to stabilize banks and slopes. Its glossy green leaves and bright berries provide year-round interest and contrast well with other native plants. It is particularly effective in exposed sites where few other shrubs thrive.
Seasonal Care Calendar
Spring
Active growth period. New leaves emerge and inconspicuous flowers appear. Apply a balanced slow-release fertilizer if needed.
- Light fertilization
- Monitor for pests
Summer
Fruiting season; berries develop and ripen. Established plants are drought-tolerant, but new plantings may need occasional watering.
- Minimal watering
- Berries ripen
Autumn
Ideal time for planting new specimens. Reduce watering as temperatures cool.
- Plant new stock
- Reduce watering
Winter
Growth slows. Plant is evergreen. Minimal care is needed, but protect from severe frosts in exposed sites, though generally frost-hardy.
- Minimal care
- Frost protection (if needed)
When to Prune and How Much
Neglected Coprosma responds well to pruning and can be trimmed to maintain a desired size and shape. Pruning in late winter or early spring encourages healthy growth and helps to keep the plant dense and compact.
- Prune in late winter/early spring
- Remove dead or damaged branches
Regular light trimming throughout the growing season can help maintain its tidy appearance and prevent it from becoming leggy.
How to Grow Neglected Coprosma
Growing Neglected Coprosma (Coprosma neglecta) is a straightforward process, making it an excellent choice for both novice and experienced gardeners, particularly in coastal or exposed environments. This robust, sprawling evergreen shrub is highly valued for its small, glossy green leaves, vibrant orange-red berries, and its exceptional resilience to harsh conditions including salt spray, strong winds, and drought once established. Its dense, compact habit makes it ideal for groundcover, rock gardens, and for stabilizing banks and slopes, providing both aesthetic appeal and ecological benefits.
From Cuttings
Cuttings are an effective and widely used method for propagating Neglected Coprosma. Semi-hardwood cuttings are generally the most successful.
Take cuttings in late summer or autumn for the best results.
- Select healthy, non-flowering stems from the current season's growth. Aim for sections approximately 10-15 cm long, ensuring each cutting has several leaf nodes.
- Remove the lower leaves, leaving only 2-3 leaves at the top. Make a clean cut just below a node to encourage root development.
- Dip the base of the cutting in a rooting hormone, which can significantly improve strike rates and accelerate root formation.
- Plant into a well-draining potting mix. A blend of peat, perlite, and sand is ideal, as it provides good aeration while retaining adequate moisture.
- Place the potted cuttings in a warm, sheltered spot with indirect light, maintaining consistent moisture without waterlogging. A propagation tray with a clear lid can help maintain the high humidity levels beneficial for rooting.
- Roots should establish within 6-8 weeks, after which the new plants can be hardened off and potted individually for further growth before planting out in the garden.
From Seed
Seed propagation is also a viable method, especially for larger-scale projects or to maintain genetic diversity within your planting.
Collect ripe berries from mature female plants in late summer.
- Process the berries by gently mashing them and thoroughly washing away the fleshy pulp to obtain clean seeds. This step is important to prevent fungal growth and inhibit germination.
- Sow the cleaned seeds onto the surface of a well-draining seed-raising mix.
- Lightly cover with a fine layer of sand or grit and water gently to settle the medium without disturbing the seeds.
- Cold stratification for 4-6 weeks (placing seeds in a moist medium in the refrigerator) can improve germination rates, though some seeds may germinate without this pre-treatment.
- Place in a protected outdoor area or a cool greenhouse; germination typically occurs in spring as temperatures rise.
- Prick out seedlings once they are large enough to handle and grow them on in individual pots until they are ready for planting in their final location.
Pests & Diseases
Neglected Coprosma is generally a robust and healthy shrub, rarely suffering from severe pest or disease issues. Occasionally, it may be susceptible to aphids or scale insects, particularly on new growth. These can typically be managed with horticultural oil or insecticidal soap. Root rot can occur in poorly drained soils, so ensuring excellent drainage is crucial. Maintaining good air circulation and avoiding over-watering will help prevent most fungal issues. Its natural resilience in coastal environments also makes it less prone to many common garden ailments.
Cultural Significance
Coprosma neglecta, like many other Coprosma species, holds ecological significance within Māori culture due to its role in supporting native bird populations. Its vibrant orange-red berries provide a seasonal food source for various forest birds, which in turn aid in seed dispersal. The dense, sprawling habit of the shrub offers valuable shelter and nesting sites for small birds and invertebrates. Its presence in coastal and rocky areas highlights the adaptability and resilience of native flora in challenging environments, contributing to the rich biodiversity of New Zealand's ngahere (forest) and coastal ecosystems.
- Important bird food
- Shelter for fauna
Bonus Tip
To highlight the attractive glossy leaves and vibrant berries of Neglected Coprosma, consider planting it in a sunny coastal garden or a rock garden where its sprawling habit can cascade over rocks, creating a natural and resilient display.
Related Plants
Explore other native plants that share similar characteristics or habitats with Neglected Coprosma (Coprosma neglecta), offering further insights into New Zealand's diverse flora. These related species provide context and opportunities for complementary planting in your garden.
Plant Conservation
Conservation Status and Threats
Coprosma neglecta is currently classified as Not Threatened in New Zealand. It is widespread in its preferred coastal habitats around North Cape and eastern Northland. However, local populations can be threatened by habitat destruction, browsing by introduced mammals, and competition from aggressive introduced weeds. Protecting its natural habitats, particularly coastal cliffs and rocky outcrops, and promoting its use in appropriate restoration projects are key to ensuring its ongoing success.