Broad-leaved Snow Tussock (Chionochloa flavicans)
Chionochloa flavicans, commonly known as broad-leaved snow tussock, is a distinctive native grass of New Zealand. This attractive tussock forms large, graceful clumps with arching leaves that catch the light, making it a striking feature in both natural landscapes and gardens. native trees
Image credit: Broad-leaved Snow Tussock (Chionochloa flavicans) – Photo via Wikipedia
Quick Facts
| Scientific Name | Chionochloa flavicans |
|---|---|
| Height | 0.8–1.2 m (2.6–4 ft) tall |
| Spread | 0.6–1.2 m (2–4 ft) wide clumps |
| Water Needs | Low to moderate; drought tolerant once established |
| Light | Full sun to light shade |
| Frost Tolerance | High (tolerates moderate frosts) |
| Salt Tolerance | Low (not tolerant of coastal salt) |
| Growth Rate | Slow to moderate |
| Lifespan | Long-lived (decades in suitable conditions) |
Climate Best Suited To
Distribution Map
Chionochloa flavicans is found throughout New Zealand, especially in lowland to montane regions of both the North and South Islands. It is common in open grasslands, hillsides, and along forest margins.
Chionochloa flavicans is adaptable to various climates but thrives in cool to temperate regions. It is particularly well-suited to areas with good rainfall and can tolerate exposed conditions.
| City | Suitability |
|---|---|
| Whangārei | Moderate |
| Auckland | Moderate |
| Hamilton | Ideal |
| Tauranga | Ideal |
| Rotorua | Ideal |
| Gisborne | Moderate |
| New Plymouth | Ideal |
| Napier | Moderate |
| Whanganui | Moderate |
| Palmerston North | Ideal |
| Wellington | Ideal |
| Nelson | Ideal |
| Christchurch | Ideal |
| Dunedin | Ideal |
| Invercargill | Ideal |
Growing Requirements
Soil Requirements
Chionochloa flavicans grows best in:
- Well-draining soils
- Tolerates poor to moderately fertile soils
- Can handle both acidic and neutral pH
- Adapts to various soil types
Light Requirements
This tussock prefers:
- Full sun for best growth
- Tolerates partial shade
- Morning sun with afternoon shade acceptable
- Good air circulation
Water Requirements
Water needs include:
- Regular watering when young
- Drought tolerant once established
- Good drainage essential
- Tolerates periods of dry soil
Uses & Significance
Garden Uses
- Ornamental feature plant
- Rock gardens
- Native gardens
- Mass plantings
- Slope stabilization
- Low-maintenance landscaping
Cultural Significance
- Part of New Zealand's tussock grassland heritage
- Used by Māori for thatching and as bedding material
- Traditional ecological indicator for seasonal changes
- Important in high-country ecology and land management
Ecological Value
- Soil stabilization
- Wildlife habitat
- Native insect food source
- Natural erosion control
Seasonal Care
Spring
- New growth begins
- Apply slow-release fertilizer if desired
- Divide established clumps if needed
- Plant new specimens
Summer
- Water during extended dry periods
- Flowering occurs in late summer
- Monitor for pests
- Remove weeds from base
Autumn
- Seeds mature and can be collected
- Good time for planting
- Reduce watering as temperatures cool
- Apply mulch if needed
Winter
- Minimal care needed
- Provides winter interest with frosted foliage
- Avoid walking on frozen grass
- Plan spring divisions
When to Prune and How Much
Chionochloa flavicans requires minimal pruning but benefits from occasional maintenance:
- Remove dead or damaged foliage in late winter or early spring
- Cut back old flower stems after seeds have dispersed
- Trim back to refresh appearance if needed
- Divide overgrown clumps every 3-4 years to maintain vigor
Always use clean, sharp tools when pruning to prevent damage to the plant.
Planting Guide
When to Plant
- Spring is ideal for planting
- Early autumn also suitable
- Avoid planting in extreme weather
Spacing
- 60-100 cm between plants
- Allow room for spread
- Consider mature size when planning
Propagation Methods
From Seed
- Collect seeds when ripe in autumn
- Sow fresh seed in spring
- Keep soil consistently moist
- Germination occurs in 2-4 weeks
Division
- Divide established plants in spring or autumn
- Ensure each division has roots and shoots
- Plant immediately and water well
- Protect from wind until established
Cultural History
Chionochloa flavicans has significance in New Zealand's ecological history:
Ecological Role
- Important component of subalpine grasslands
- Provides habitat for native insects
- Helps prevent soil erosion
- Part of New Zealand's tussock grassland heritage
Pests & Diseases
Common Issues
- Rust: Can affect foliage in humid conditions
- Root Rot: Avoid in poorly drained sites
- Grass Grub: May damage roots of young plants
Generally hardy and resistant to most pests and diseases when grown in suitable conditions.
Bonus Tip
Plant Chionochloa flavicans where it can be backlit by the morning or evening sun to showcase its graceful form and create stunning silhouettes in the garden.
