Fragrant Tree Daisy
Olearia fragrantissima
This native plant, known as Fragrant Tree Daisy (scientific name: Olearia fragrantissima ), is a remarkable species endemic to New Zealand. It is characterized by its unique features, ecological role, and cultural significance. This comprehensive guide provides detailed information on its care, propagation, and importance within the New Zealand ecosystem. Understanding this plant contributes to the appreciation of our rich biodiversity and heritage, and supports conservation efforts for Browse All .
Plant Description
Identification and Physical Characteristics
Fragrant Tree Daisy ( Olearia fragrantissima ) is a rare, endemic small bushy shrub or small semi-deciduous tree native to New Zealand's eastern and south-eastern South Island Discover more about native shrubs. It can reach heights of approximately 8 to 12 meters. Its branches are dark reddish-brown, ascending to spreading, with reddish-brown to red, rigidly wiry, flexuous (often zig-zagging), and interlacing branchlets. It has pale green, alternate leaves that are thin and oval in shape, measuring 7.5-40 mm long by 5-15 mm wide. The upper surface is glabrate to glabrous when mature, while the undersides are clad in a soft, white tomentum. During spring to early summer (October to December), it produces tiny, yellowish-green to cream or pale yellow, rayless flower heads in small, tight clusters. These flowers are strongly fragrant, emitting a scent akin to peaches or apricots, especially at night.
Quick Facts
| Scientific Name | Olearia fragrantissima |
|---|---|
| Height | 2-6 m |
| Spread | 2-4 m |
| Water Needs | Low to moderate |
| Light | Full sun to partial shade |
| Frost Tolerance | Moderate to good |
| Salt Tolerance | Moderate |
| Growth Rate | Moderate |
| Lifespan | Long-lived |
Climate Best Suited to
Olearia fragrantissima is well adapted to various New Zealand regions.
Regional Suitability
| City | Climate Suitability |
|---|---|
| Auckland | High |
| Wellington | High |
| Christchurch | Medium |
Plant Habitat
Natural Occurrence and Ecology
Fragrant Tree Daisy is endemic to the eastern and southeastern South Island of New Zealand, specifically from Banks Peninsula to Southland. It typically grows in coastal to lower montane areas, at elevations between 0 and 300 meters above sea level. Its natural habitats include grey scrub, forest margins, and shrublands. It can also be found on the margins of estuarine or salt-marsh vegetation, in areas that might be subject to saline water during extreme tides. Additionally, it grows on gravelly soils, often along the edges of steep gullies, gorges, and in boulder fields. This species prefers warm sites with fertile soils and is commonly found in diverse mixed forests. It is known to tolerate dry conditions and strong winds.
Growing Requirements
Soil Requirements
Prefers well-draining soil rich in organic matter.
- Well-drained
- Loamy
Light Requirements
Grows best in partial to full sun.
- Full Sun
- Partial Shade
Water Requirements
Requires regular watering during dry periods.
- Regular
- Drought tolerant once established
Planting and Establishing
Establishment Guidance
Plant Olearia fragrantissima in a hole twice the width of the root ball.
Proper establishment is key to long-term success. Ensure the planting hole is twice as wide as the root ball and backfill with a mix of native soil and organic compost. Initial watering should be thorough, followed by regular monitoring during the first two growing seasons to ensure the plant becomes well-anchored and resilient to local climate fluctuations.
Ecological Role
Biodiversity and Ecosystem Impact
Provides habitat and food for native fauna.
This species plays a vital role in its local ecosystem, providing essential habitat and food sources for native biodiversity. Its presence supports complex ecological interactions, contributing to the overall health and stability of the environment. By planting this native, you help maintain the intricate web of life that defines New Zealand's unique natural heritage.
Uses & Significance
Garden Uses
Ideal for rock gardens and native borders.
- Rock gardens
- Ground cover
Ecological Value
Supports local pollinators.
- Birds
- Insects
The versatility of this plant makes it a valuable addition to many New Zealand gardens. Beyond its aesthetic appeal, it offers practical benefits such as soil stabilization and shelter for smaller plants. Its historical and modern uses highlight its enduring importance in both traditional practices and contemporary landscape design, making it a thoughtful choice for any restoration or gardening project.
Landscaping Uses
Adds texture and form to modern landscapes.
In a landscape setting, this plant provides excellent structure and year-round interest. Its unique form and foliage can be used to create focal points or as a cohesive element in a larger native planting scheme. It pairs well with other New Zealand natives, allowing for the creation of diverse and resilient garden environments that reflect the natural beauty of Aotearoa.
Seasonal Care Calendar
Spring
Mulch and apply balanced fertilizer.
- Fertilize
- Mulch
Summer
Water deeply during dry spells.
- Water
- Check for pests
Autumn
Tidy up any dead foliage.
- Prune lightly
- Plant new specimens
Winter
Protect from heavy frosts if necessary.
- Frost protection
When to Prune and How Much
Minimal pruning required to maintain shape.
- Remove dead branches
Always use clean, sharp tools.
Regular maintenance through careful pruning ensures the plant remains healthy and maintains its desired shape. Focus on removing dead or diseased wood to promote better air circulation and prevent the spread of pathogens. Proper pruning techniques help the plant direct its energy toward new growth, resulting in a more robust and aesthetically pleasing specimen in your garden.
How to Grow Fragrant Tree Daisy
Cultivating Olearia fragrantissima ( Olearia fragrantissima ) is a rewarding endeavor for any gardener interested in New Zealand's unique flora. This species can be propagated through several methods, each requiring specific conditions to ensure healthy growth and establishment. Successful propagation depends on mimicking the plant's natural environment and providing consistent care during the early stages of development.
From Seed
Propagation from seed is often the most effective way to produce a large number of Olearia Fragrantissima plants. Seeds should be collected when they are fully mature. Freshly collected seeds generally have higher germination rates than those that have been stored for long periods.
Sow fresh seeds in a seed-raising mix.
- Collect seeds
- Sow in trays
Keep moist until germination.
From Cuttings
For those wishing to replicate specific characteristics of a parent plant, vegetative propagation via cuttings is the preferred method. This technique ensures that the new plants are genetically identical to the source. Semi-hardwood cuttings taken during the appropriate season usually yield the best results for this species.
Take semi-hardwood cuttings in late summer.
- Take cuttings
- Use rooting hormone
Additional Methods
Depending on the growth habit of Olearia fragrantissima , other methods such as division or layering might also be viable options. Division is particularly suitable for plants that form dense clumps or have spreading root systems, while layering can be used for species with trailing or flexible stems.
Division can be done in early spring.
- Divide clumps
- Replant immediately
Pests & Diseases
Generally resistant to major pests.
While generally resilient, maintaining optimal growing conditions is the best defense against pests and diseases. Regular monitoring allows for early detection of any issues, which can often be managed through cultural practices or organic interventions. Ensuring good air circulation and appropriate watering will significantly reduce the plant's susceptibility to common environmental stresses and pathogens.
Cultural Significance
Direct rongoā specific toO. fragrantissima is limited in records, yet as a tree daisy it sits within akeake traditions of tough, serviceable wood. Today, Fragrant Tree Daisy is a focus for kaitiaki and community groups because remnant shrubs persist in dry gullies and limestone country. Programmes that fence stock, control rabbits and weeds, and propagate from local seed help retain the distinctive peach‑scented flowering that signals seasonal change for nearby communities and pollinators. Olearia fragrantissima , also known as the Fragrant Tree Daisy, holds cultural significance primarily in New Zealand, where it is endemic. Its significance stems from several key aspects. The plant is highly valued for its unique aromatic qualities, particularly its "deliciously apricot-peach scented flowers" that release an "enchanting nighttime fragrance." This makes it a popular choice for sensory gardens and fragrant plant collections. It serves as an "excellent habitat plant for small native birds and invertebrates" and provides "essential pollinator support," especially for nocturnal pollinators attracted to its evening fragrance. Its dense, bushy growth also offers shelter for small wildlife and contributes to New Zealand's native biodiversity. Due to its hardy nature, tolerance to various conditions (including coastal and exposed sites), and drought resistance once established, it is used for hedging, screening, or as a specimen planting. It can also be used in riparian plantings and forests. Olearia fragrantissima is classified as an "At Risk - Declining" native shrub, highlighting its importance in conservation efforts within New Zealand. It is one of eight rare Olearia species included in the Small-leaved Tree Daisy National Recovery Plan, aiming to raise public awareness and encourage its protection and management.
- Traditional medicine
- Crafts
Bonus Tip
Excellent for low-maintenance gardens.
For an extra boost, consider applying a thin layer of high-quality organic mulch around the base of the plant. This helps retain soil moisture, suppresses weeds, and gradually improves soil structure as it breaks down. This simple step can make a significant difference in the plant's overall vigor and resilience, especially during periods of extreme weather.
Related Plants
Explore other native plants that share similar characteristics or habitats with Olearia Fragrantissima ( Olearia fragrantissima ), offering further insights into New Zealand's diverse flora. These related species provide context and opportunities for complementary planting in your garden.
Plant Conservation
Conservation Status
Olearia fragrantissima , also known as the fragrant tree daisy or small-leaved tree daisy, is a plant species endemic to the South Island of New Zealand. The plant is currently classified as "At Risk - Declining" by the Department of Conservation's Threat Classification System, a status reported in 2017. Historically, it was listed as "Near Threatened" by the IUCN in 1998 and "Sparse" in 2004. An estimated total of over 10,000 Olearia fragrantissima plants exist across approximately 60 known sites. While two populations contain more than 1,000 plants, the majority of sites have populations ranging from single individuals to several hundred. The primary threats to Olearia fragrantissima include habitat loss, invasion by weeds, insufficient seedling recruitment, and browsing by animals. While some natural sites show adequate regeneration, recruitment is often limited in more modified areas. Conservation efforts include learning to identify the plant, reporting new populations, protecting existing populations through covenanting, fencing, weed control, and supplementary planting, and utilizing locally sourced plants in gardens, shelterbelts, and revegetation projects. Propagation from semi-hardwood cuttings and fresh seeds is a viable method to increase the plant's population.