Twiggy coprosma hero image

Twiggy Coprosma

Coprosma rhamnoides

Not Threatened

Coprosma (Twiggy Coprosma) is a small-leaved native shrub. See more NZ native shrubs.

Learn more about Sand Coprosma

Coprosma (Twiggy Coprosma)

Image credit: Twiggy Coprosma (Coprosma rhamnoides). Photo by Wikipedia contributors, via Wikipedia

Quick Facts

Overview

Scientific Name<i>Coprosma rhamnoides</i>
Height1–3 m (3–10 ft) tall
Spread1–2 m (3–6 ft) wide
Water NeedsLow to moderate; drought-tolerant once established
LightFull sun to part shade
Frost ToleranceHigh (tolerates moderate frosts)
Salt ToleranceModerate (tolerates some coastal exposure)
Growth RateModerate to fast (especially in good conditions)
LifespanLong-lived (several decades in suitable conditions)

Climate Best Suited to

Coprosma is highly adaptable and found throughout New Zealand, from coastal to montane regions. It tolerates a wide range of conditions, including wind, frost, and drought.

Regional Suitability

CityClimate Suitability
WhangāreiIdeal
AucklandIdeal
HamiltonIdeal
TaurangaIdeal
RotoruaIdeal
GisborneIdeal
New PlymouthIdeal
NapierIdeal
WhanganuiIdeal
Palmerston NorthIdeal
WellingtonIdeal
NelsonIdeal
ChristchurchIdeal
DunedinGood
InvercargillGood

Soil Requirements

Prefers well-drained soils but is tolerant of a range of soil types, including clay and sandy soils.

  • Well-drained to moderately moist soils
  • Tolerates poor and dry soils
  • pH 5.5-7.5 (acidic to neutral)

Light Requirements

Grows well in full sun to part shade.

  • Full sun for compact growth
  • Part shade tolerated, especially in hotter regions

Water Requirements

Low to moderate water needs once established.

  • Water regularly during establishment
  • Drought-tolerant once mature
  • Avoid waterlogged soils

Plant Ecology

The ecology of Coprosma involves its interactions with other species and its role in ecosystem processes. Understanding these relationships helps in conservation and cultivation.

Uses & Significance

Garden Uses

  • Hedging and shelterbelts
  • Wildlife gardens
  • Low-maintenance shrub borders
  • Restoration plantings
Ecological Value
  • Provides food for native birds (berries)
  • Habitat for insects and lizards
  • Stabilizes soil and prevents erosion

Seasonal Care Calendar

Spring

  • New growth emerges
  • Prune lightly to shape if needed
  • Mulch to retain moisture

Summer

  • Peak berry production
  • Water during extended dry spells
  • Monitor for pests (rare)

Autumn

  • Berries ripen and are eaten by birds
  • Remove dead or damaged branches

Winter

  • Generally dormant
  • Minimal care required

Pruning and Maintenance

Coprosma generally requires minimal pruning. Remove dead or damaged growth as needed and shape the plant to maintain desired form. Pruning is best done in late winter or early spring before new growth begins.

Planting Guide

When to Plant

Best planted in autumn or spring when soil is moist and temperatures are mild.

Site Selection

  • Choose a sunny or partly shaded, well-drained site
  • Ideal for mixed native plantings and hedges

Planting Procedure

  1. Prepare soil by removing weeds and loosening to a depth of 30cm
  2. Dig a hole just large enough for the root ball
  3. Plant at the same depth as in the pot
  4. Backfill and firm gently
  5. Water in well

Propagation Methods

From Seed

  1. Collect ripe berries in late summer to autumn
  2. Remove pulp and clean seeds
  3. Sow in seed-raising mix and keep moist
  4. Germination in 4-8 weeks

From Cuttings

  1. Take semi-hardwood cuttings in late summer
  2. Dip in rooting hormone
  3. Place in free-draining mix and keep humid
  4. Rooting in 6-10 weeks

Cultural History

Coprosma has been part of New Zealand's natural landscape for thousands of years. Indigenous Māori communities have long recognized its value, using it for various traditional purposes including medicine, food, and cultural practices.

Historically, Coprosma was used by Māori for medicinal purposes, with different parts of the plant serving various therapeutic functions. The plant also held cultural significance in traditional ceremonies and practices.

Pests and Diseases

Common Pests

Coprosma is generally resistant to most pests due to its native adaptations. However, it may occasionally be affected by common garden pests such as aphids or scale insects.

Disease Prevention

To prevent diseases, ensure good air circulation around Coprosma and avoid overwatering. Remove any diseased plant material promptly to prevent spread.

Twiggy coprosma (Coprosma rhamnoides) is a small, wiry shrub that provides excellent cover for wildlife. Its tiny leaves and berries make it a valuable addition to native plantings.

Species Information

This comprehensive guide provides detailed information about the plant's classification, characteristics, and ecological role within New Zealand's unique flora. Understanding these aspects helps gardeners and conservationists make informed decisions about cultivation and preservation efforts.

Species Details

Explore the scientific classification and characteristics of this native species.

Natural Habitat

Coprosma is naturally found in specific habitats throughout New Zealand. Understanding its natural environment helps in providing appropriate growing conditions in cultivation.

Related Plants

Discover other native plants that complement Coprosma in your garden. These plants share similar growing conditions and create beautiful, sustainable landscapes.

Conservation

Conservation of this plant and its natural habitat is Not threatened, but valuable for understorey restoration in native bush remnants.

Growing Requirements

Understanding the specific growing requirements of Coprosma is essential for successful cultivation. These requirements include soil type, water needs, light conditions, and climate preferences.

Landscaping Uses

Coprosma is highly valued in landscaping for its aesthetic appeal and practical benefits. It can be used in various garden styles and landscape applications.

Ecological Role

Wildlife Interactions

Coprosma plays an important ecological role in New Zealand's native ecosystems. It provides habitat and food for native wildlife and contributes to ecosystem health and biodiversity.

Care and Maintenance

Maintenance Requirements

Regular care and maintenance will keep Coprosma healthy and thriving. This includes proper watering, feeding, and monitoring for any issues.

Coprosma rhamnoides prefers well-drained soils and tolerates both sun and shade. It is hardy and adaptable to a range of conditions, including clay, sandy, or rocky soils. For best results, plant in a spot with good air circulation and water regularly during establishment. Once mature, it is drought-tolerant and requires little maintenance, making it ideal for low-care gardens and restoration projects.

Cultural Significance

Coprosma rhamnoides holds cultural significance for Māori communities throughout New Zealand. Its presence in traditional landscapes and its various uses in Māori culture highlight its importance beyond its ecological value.

Māori Traditions

In Māori tradition, Coprosma rhamnoides was valued for its practical uses and spiritual significance. The plant continues to be important in contemporary Māori culture and environmental stewardship.

Plant Description

Physical Characteristics

Coprosma rhamnoides exhibits distinctive characteristics that make it easily identifiable in its natural habitat. Its growth habit, leaf structure, and seasonal changes all contribute to its unique appearance and ecological role.

Understanding these physical characteristics helps gardeners and conservationists identify the plant correctly and provide appropriate care. The plant's form and features also make it valuable for landscaping and restoration projects.

Planting Section

Planting Requirements

Proper planting techniques are crucial for the successful establishment of Coprosma rhamnoides. Taking time to prepare the site and follow best practices will help ensure the plant thrives in its new location.

Consider the plant's mature size and growth habit when selecting a planting location. This planning helps avoid future problems and creates more sustainable, low-maintenance landscapes.