Shore Bindweed
Calystegia soldanella
This native plant, known as Shore Bindweed(scientific name: Calystegia soldanella ), is a remarkable species endemic to New Zealand. It is characterized by its unique features, ecological role, and cultural significance. This comprehensive guide provides detailed information on its care, propagation, and importance within the New Zealand ecosystem. Understanding this plant contributes to the appreciation of our rich biodiversity and heritage, and supports conservation efforts for Browse All .
Plant Description
Identification and Physical Characteristics
Calystegia soldanella , commonly known as sea bells, sea bindweed, or shore bindweed, is a perennial vine with creeping, many-branched, trailing, fleshy stems that can grow up to 0 Discover more about native trees.6 meters (2 feet) long. Its distinctive leaves are undivided, kidney-shaped (reniform), fleshy, glossy, and typically range from 10-80 mm in length and 10-75 mm in width. The plant produces showy, trumpet-shaped flowers that bloom from mid-spring to fall, usually between April and September. These flowers are delicate pink to vivid lavender, often adorned with five white stripes and a golden centre, and measure between 20-50 mm in diameter. They are insect-pollinated and give way to broad-ovoid capsules containing seeds. Calystegia soldanella is found in temperate coastal regions worldwide, including the west and some parts of the east coast of North America, across Europe into Asia, and in the Southern Hemisphere in Australia, New Zealand, southern South America, and South Africa. It thrives in beach sand and other coastal habitats, often growing in loose, well-draining sandy soils, and can tolerate drought, salty wind, and salt spray. The plant spreads by rhizomes, forming a mat without being invasive. It prefers full sun and moderate temperatures, and while it can tolerate nutrient-poor conditions, it benefits from well-draining soil.
Quick Facts
| Scientific Name | Calystegia soldanella |
|---|---|
| Height | Up to 10 cm |
| Spread | 60-90 cm |
| Water Needs | Low to Moderate; drought tolerant once established |
| Light | Full sun |
| Frost Tolerance | Information for this species is currently being gathered from field observations and botanical records. |
| Salt Tolerance | Information for this species is currently being gathered from field observations and botanical records. |
| Growth Rate | Information for this species is currently being gathered from field observations and botanical records. |
| Lifespan | Information for this species is currently being gathered from field observations and botanical records. |
Climate Best Suited to
Calystegia soldanella is well adapted to various New Zealand regions.
Regional Suitability
| City | Climate Suitability |
|---|---|
| Auckland | High |
| Wellington | High |
| Christchurch | Medium |
Plant Habitat
Natural Occurrence and Ecology
Calystegia soldanella hugs open, mobile sands on the seaward face of dunes and the upper beach, where wind, salt spray, and periodic sand burial are routine. It thrives in free-draining, low-fertility substrates and is an early stabiliser of foredunes, weaving through sand to bind the surface. Typical associates include spinifex (Spinifex sericeus), pāngao (Ficinia spiralis), sand coprosma (Coprosma acerosa), and New Zealand ice plant (Disphyma australe). The plant is extremely tolerant of salt-laden winds, drought, and shifting sands, but recedes where vegetation becomes dense or shade increases.
Growing Requirements
Soil Requirements
Prefers well-draining soil rich in organic matter.
- Well-drained
- Loamy
Light Requirements
Grows best in partial to full sun.
- Full Sun
- Partial Shade
Water Requirements
Requires regular watering during dry periods.
- Regular
- Drought tolerant once established
Planting and Establishing
Establishment Guidance
Plant Calystegia soldanella in a hole twice the width of the root ball.
Proper establishment is key to long-term success. Ensure the planting hole is twice as wide as the root ball and backfill with a mix of native soil and organic compost. Initial watering should be thorough, followed by regular monitoring during the first two growing seasons to ensure the plant becomes well-anchored and resilient to local climate fluctuations.
Ecological Role
Biodiversity and Ecosystem Impact
Provides habitat and food for native fauna.
This species plays a vital role in its local ecosystem, providing essential habitat and food sources for native biodiversity. Its presence supports complex ecological interactions, contributing to the overall health and stability of the environment. By planting this native, you help maintain the intricate web of life that defines New Zealand's unique natural heritage.
Uses & Significance
Garden Uses
Ideal for rock gardens and native borders.
- Rock gardens
- Ground cover
Ecological Value
Supports local pollinators.
- Birds
- Insects
The versatility of this plant makes it a valuable addition to many New Zealand gardens. Beyond its aesthetic appeal, it offers practical benefits such as soil stabilization and shelter for smaller plants. Its historical and modern uses highlight its enduring importance in both traditional practices and contemporary landscape design, making it a thoughtful choice for any restoration or gardening project.
Landscaping Uses
Adds texture and form to modern landscapes.
In a landscape setting, this plant provides excellent structure and year-round interest. Its unique form and foliage can be used to create focal points or as a cohesive element in a larger native planting scheme. It pairs well with other New Zealand natives, allowing for the creation of diverse and resilient garden environments that reflect the natural beauty of Aotearoa.
Seasonal Care Calendar
Spring
Mulch and apply balanced fertilizer.
- Fertilize
- Mulch
Summer
Water deeply during dry spells.
- Water
- Check for pests
Autumn
Tidy up any dead foliage.
- Prune lightly
- Plant new specimens
Winter
Protect from heavy frosts if necessary.
- Frost protection
When to Prune and How Much
Minimal pruning required to maintain shape.
- Remove dead branches
Always use clean, sharp tools.
Regular maintenance through careful pruning ensures the plant remains healthy and maintains its desired shape. Focus on removing dead or diseased wood to promote better air circulation and prevent the spread of pathogens. Proper pruning techniques help the plant direct its energy toward new growth, resulting in a more robust and aesthetically pleasing specimen in your garden.
How to Grow Shore Bindweed
Cultivating Calystegia soldanella ( Calystegia soldanella ) is a rewarding endeavor for any gardener interested in New Zealand's unique flora. This species can be propagated through several methods, each requiring specific conditions to ensure healthy growth and establishment. Successful propagation depends on mimicking the plant's natural environment and providing consistent care during the early stages of development.
From Seed
Propagation from seed is often the most effective way to produce a large number of Calystegia soldanella plants. Seeds should be collected when they are fully mature. Freshly collected seeds generally have higher germination rates than those that have been stored for long periods.
Sow fresh seeds in a seed-raising mix.
- Collect seeds
- Sow in trays
Keep moist until germination.
From Cuttings
For those wishing to replicate specific characteristics of a parent plant, vegetative propagation via cuttings is the preferred method. This technique ensures that the new plants are genetically identical to the source. Semi-hardwood cuttings taken during the appropriate season usually yield the best results for this species.
Take semi-hardwood cuttings in late summer.
- Take cuttings
- Use rooting hormone
Additional Methods
Depending on the growth habit of Calystegia soldanella , other methods such as division or layering might also be viable options. Division is particularly suitable for plants that form dense clumps or have spreading root systems, while layering can be used for species with trailing or flexible stems.
Division can be done in early spring.
- Divide clumps
- Replant immediately
Pests & Diseases
Generally resistant to major pests.
While generally resilient, maintaining optimal growing conditions is the best defense against pests and diseases. Regular monitoring allows for early detection of any issues, which can often be managed through cultural practices or organic interventions. Ensuring good air circulation and appropriate watering will significantly reduce the plant's susceptibility to common environmental stresses and pathogens.
Cultural Significance
Calystegia soldanella , also known as sea bindweed or shore bindweed, holds cultural significance in different regions. In New Zealand, the Māori traditionally utilized the plant's thick, fleshy roots. These roots were gathered, pounded into a pulp, and then used as a relish to flavor meats.In Scotland, the plant has a historical association, sometimes being referred to as 'The Prince's Flower'. This name stems from the legend that Prince Charles Edward Stuart, also known as Bonnie Prince Charlie, sowed the plant on the Isle of Eriskay in 1745 when he landed there to lead the Jacobite rising. Additionally, Calystegia soldanella is featured in some traditional coastal folklore and myths.
- Traditional medicine
- Crafts
Bonus Tip
Excellent for low-maintenance gardens.
For an extra boost, consider applying a thin layer of high-quality organic mulch around the base of the plant. This helps retain soil moisture, suppresses weeds, and gradually improves soil structure as it breaks down. This simple step can make a significant difference in the plant's overall vigor and resilience, especially during periods of extreme weather.
Related Plants
Explore other native plants that share similar characteristics or habitats with Calystegia Soldanella ( Calystegia soldanella ), offering further insights into New Zealand's diverse flora. These related species provide context and opportunities for complementary planting in your garden.
Plant Conservation
Conservation Status
In New Zealand, shore bindweed is widespread on sandy coasts and is currently not threatened. Local populations can, however, be reduced by trampling, off-road vehicles, coastal development, and weed invasion (e.g., marram grass). Dune restoration projects often reintroduce Calystegia soldanella as a native sand-binder to stabilise foredunes and support coastal biodiversity. Use eco-sourced plants for restoration to maintain local genetic integrity, and control nearby weeds to reduce competition.