Strathmore Weed
Pimelea prostrata
This native plant, known as Strathmore Weed(scientific name: Pimelea prostrata), is a remarkable species endemic to New Zealand. It is characterized by its unique features, ecological role, and cultural significance. This comprehensive guide provides detailed information on its care, propagation, and importance within the New Zealand ecosystem. Understanding this plant contributes to the appreciation of our rich biodiversity and heritage, and supports conservation efforts for Browse All.
Plant Description
Identification and Physical Characteristics
Strathmore Weed ( Pimelea prostrata ), also known as New Zealand Daphne or Pinātoro, is a species of small, low-growing, prostrate evergreen shrub endemic to New Zealand Discover more about native shrubs. It typically features blue-green leaves and small, fragrant white flowers that appear from spring to autumn. Its stems can range from 30 to 60 cm long, and it often forms a mat-like groundcover, growing up to 10 cm high and spreading up to 1 meter wide. After flowering, it produces white or sometimes red, fleshy, ovoid to globose fruits. It thrives in a variety of open habitats, from coastal areas to altitudes of about 4,500 ft, and can tolerate dry conditions, sandy loam, and even some frost. Like many species of Pimelea, it is poisonous to animals, particularly horses, and was historically a source of the tumor-inhibiting toxin prostratin.
Quick Facts
| Scientific Name | Pimelea prostrata |
|---|---|
| Height | 10-30 cm |
| Spread | 50-100 cm |
| Water Needs | Low |
| Light | Full sun |
| Frost Tolerance | Good |
| Salt Tolerance | Excellent |
| Growth Rate | Moderate |
| Lifespan | Long-lived |
Climate Best Suited to
Pimelea prostratais well adapted to various New Zealand regions.
Regional Suitability
| City | Climate Suitability |
|---|---|
| Auckland | High |
| Wellington | High |
| Christchurch | Medium |
Plant Habitat
Natural Occurrence and Ecology
Strathmore Weed (Pimelea prostrata), also known as New Zealand Daphne or Pinatoro, is a small, low-growing, prostrate evergreen shrub endemic to New Zealand. It exhibits remarkable adaptability, thriving in a diverse range of open habitats across both the North and South Islands, from coastal to montane and even sub-alpine elevations up to approximately 4,500 feet (1,370 meters).Coastal Areas:It is commonly found on coastal gravel, sand dunes, and mudstone cliffs, where its mat-forming growth habit helps stabilize these vulnerable environments.Inland Areas:In inland regions, it colonizes river floodplains, open scrub, low grassland, Schoenus marsh, and Sphagnum bog, showcasing its tolerance for varying moisture conditions.Rocky and Stony Sites:Pimelea prostratais well-adapted to rocky and stony sites, growing on ultramafic rock, mudstone, sandstone, marble, limestone, and rocky outcrops.Volcanic Regions:It can also be found in short grassland and shrubland with open grassy areas in volcanic regions, sometimes on the margins of volcanic ejecta patches (scoria, lapilli) and alluvium.The plant is often found creeping on open areas or in low vegetation, and can also be pendent on banks and cliffs. Its ability to tolerate dry conditions, sandy loam, and even some frost, along with its ground-covering ability and tolerance to salt spray, makes it a resilient species in challenging environments.
Growing Requirements
Soil Requirements
Prefers well-draining soil rich in organic matter.
- Well-drained
- Loamy
Light Requirements
Grows best in partial to full sun.
- Full Sun
- Partial Shade
Water Requirements
Requires regular watering during dry periods.
- Regular
- Drought tolerant once established
Planting and Establishing
Establishment Guidance
Plant Pimelea prostratain a hole twice the width of the root ball.
Proper establishment is key to long-term success. Ensure the planting hole is twice as wide as the root ball and backfill with a mix of native soil and organic compost. Initial watering should be thorough, followed by regular monitoring during the first two growing seasons to ensure the plant becomes well-anchored and resilient to local climate fluctuations.
Ecological Role
Biodiversity and Ecosystem Impact
Provides habitat and food for native fauna.
This species plays a vital role in its local ecosystem, providing essential habitat and food sources for native biodiversity. Its presence supports complex ecological interactions, contributing to the overall health and stability of the environment. By planting this native, you help maintain the intricate web of life that defines New Zealand's unique natural heritage.
Uses & Significance
Garden Uses
Ideal for rock gardens and native borders.
- Rock gardens
- Ground cover
Ecological Value
Supports local pollinators.
- Birds
- Insects
The versatility of this plant makes it a valuable addition to many New Zealand gardens. Beyond its aesthetic appeal, it offers practical benefits such as soil stabilization and shelter for smaller plants. Its historical and modern uses highlight its enduring importance in both traditional practices and contemporary landscape design, making it a thoughtful choice for any restoration or gardening project.
Landscaping Uses
Adds texture and form to modern landscapes.
In a landscape setting, this plant provides excellent structure and year-round interest. Its unique form and foliage can be used to create focal points or as a cohesive element in a larger native planting scheme. It pairs well with other New Zealand natives, allowing for the creation of diverse and resilient garden environments that reflect the natural beauty of Aotearoa.
Seasonal Care Calendar
Spring
Mulch and apply balanced fertilizer.
- Fertilize
- Mulch
Summer
Water deeply during dry spells.
- Water
- Check for pests
Autumn
Tidy up any dead foliage.
- Prune lightly
- Plant new specimens
Winter
Protect from heavy frosts if necessary.
- Frost protection
When to Prune and How Much
Minimal pruning required to maintain shape.
- Remove dead branches
Always use clean, sharp tools.
Regular maintenance through careful pruning ensures the plant remains healthy and maintains its desired shape. Focus on removing dead or diseased wood to promote better air circulation and prevent the spread of pathogens. Proper pruning techniques help the plant direct its energy toward new growth, resulting in a more robust and aesthetically pleasing specimen in your garden.
How to Grow Strathmore Weed
Cultivating Pimelea prostrata(Pimelea prostrata) is a rewarding endeavor for any gardener interested in New Zealand's unique flora. This species can be propagated through several methods, each requiring specific conditions to ensure healthy growth and establishment. Successful propagation depends on mimicking the plant's natural environment and providing consistent care during the early stages of development.
From Seed
Propagation from seed is often the most effective way to produce a large number of Pimelea Prostrata plants. Seeds should be collected when they are fully mature. Freshly collected seeds generally have higher germination rates than those that have been stored for long periods.
Sow fresh seeds in a seed-raising mix.
- Collect seeds
- Sow in trays
Keep moist until germination.
From Cuttings
For those wishing to replicate specific characteristics of a parent plant, vegetative propagation via cuttings is the preferred method. This technique ensures that the new plants are genetically identical to the source. Semi-hardwood cuttings taken during the appropriate season usually yield the best results for this species.
Take semi-hardwood cuttings in late summer.
- Take cuttings
- Use rooting hormone
Additional Methods
Depending on the growth habit of Pimelea prostrata, other methods such as division or layering might also be viable options. Division is particularly suitable for plants that form dense clumps or have spreading root systems, while layering can be used for species with trailing or flexible stems.
Division can be done in early spring.
- Divide clumps
- Replant immediately
Pests & Diseases
Generally resistant to major pests.
While generally resilient, maintaining optimal growing conditions is the best defense against pests and diseases. Regular monitoring allows for early detection of any issues, which can often be managed through cultural practices or organic interventions. Ensuring good air circulation and appropriate watering will significantly reduce the plant's susceptibility to common environmental stresses and pathogens.
Cultural Significance
Pimelea prostrata, a small shrub endemic to New Zealand, holds cultural significance primarily within Māori traditions. It is known by the Māori names Pinātoro and wharengārara. Historically, the berries ofPimelea prostratawere consumed, particularly by children. The plant also contains prostratin, a compound with tumor-inhibiting properties, which has been a subject of scientific interest for its medicinal potential.
- Traditional medicine
- Crafts
Bonus Tip
Excellent for low-maintenance gardens.
For an extra boost, consider applying a thin layer of high-quality organic mulch around the base of the plant. This helps retain soil moisture, suppresses weeds, and gradually improves soil structure as it breaks down. This simple step can make a significant difference in the plant's overall vigor and resilience, especially during periods of extreme weather.
Related Plants
Explore other native plants that share similar characteristics or habitats with Pimelea Prostrata (Pimelea prostrata), offering further insights into New Zealand's diverse flora. These related species provide context and opportunities for complementary planting in your garden.
Plant Conservation
Conservation Status
Pimelea prostrata, also known as pinātoro or New Zealand daphne, is a native, endemic New Zealand shrub. The species comprises several subspecies, includingPimelea prostrata subsp. prostrata,subsp. seismica,subsp. thermalis,subsp. ventosa, and subsp. vulcanica.Pimelea prostrata subsp. prostrata was classified as "Not Threatened" in the 2023 assessment under the New Zealand Threat Classification System (NZTCS).Pimelea prostratasubsp. seismica currently has a "Data Deficient" threat status, with limited information available for full assessment. WhilePimelea prostratasubsp. prostrata is not currently considered threatened, other species within the Pimelea genus in New Zealand face significant conservation challenges. For instance,Pimelea actea is critically endangered, and Pimelea tomentosa is in "Serious Decline." Major threats to these Pimelea species include habitat loss from development, land clearance, competition from invasive weeds, and the impact of introduced browsing mammals.Pimelea prostratais also popular in cultivation, known to gardeners and landscapers. It can be propagated from semi-hardwood cuttings and rooted pieces, preferring well-drained soil and full sun, and is generally resistant to pests and diseases.