Angular Tree Daisy
Olearia angulata (family Asteraceae)
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Olearia angulata is an endemic New Zealand tree daisy in the sunflower family (Asteraceae). It is a woody shrub to small tree with simple leaves and daisy-like flower heads typical of the genus. The species is nationally recorded but poorly documented, and has been assessed as Data Deficient in threat listings. In some New Zealand botanical treatments the accepted name is Shawia angulata , and the species may be encountered under that name in flora references.
Identification
A woody shrub or small tree with alternately arranged, simple leaves. Leaf blades are typically leathery to subcoriaceous, with entire to faintly toothed margins, and vary from elliptic to narrowly oblong depending on site exposure. Inflorescences are capitula (“daisy heads”) borne singly or in small clusters; outer florets usually ligulate (ray florets) and inner florets tubular (disc florets), as is characteristic for Olearia . Branchlets can be somewhat angled (reflected in the epithet “angulata”).
The genus Olearia is diverse in Aotearoa New Zealand; reliable identification is aided by examining leaf texture and venation, presence/absence of hair (indumentum) on leaves and stems, capitulum size and arrangement, and habitat. Where confusion exists with other tree daisies (e.g., O. arborescens , O. lineata , O. moschata ), consult a regional flora key.
Quick Facts
| Scientific Name | Olearia angulata |
|---|---|
| Endemism | Endemic to New Zealand |
| Life Form | Woody shrub to small tree (tree daisy) |
| Family | Asteraceae (daisy family) |
| Conservation | Data Deficient (published assessments) |
| Height | 2-8 m (varies with site) |
| Spread | 40-120 cm across |
| Water Needs | Low to moderate; free-draining soils |
| Light | Full sun |
| Frost Tolerance | Moderate |
| Salt Tolerance | Moderate to high (coastal species) |
| Growth Rate | Slow to moderate |
| Lifespan | Long-lived perennial |
Climate Best Suited to
Prefers mild coastal to lowland climates with good light and free-draining soils; tolerates wind and salt spray.
Regional Suitability
| City | Suitability |
|---|---|
| Auckland | Ideal |
| Wellington | Ideal |
| Nelson | Ideal |
| Christchurch | Ideal |
| Dunedin | Moderate |
| Whangārei | Suitable |
| Hamilton | Suitable |
| Tauranga | Suitable |
| Rotorua | Suitable |
| Gisborne | Suitable |
| New Plymouth | Suitable |
| Napier | Suitable |
| Whanganui | Suitable |
| Palmerston North | Suitable |
| Invercargill | Suitable |
Habitat and Distribution
Documented as native and restricted to New Zealand. Records indicate occurrence in coastal to lowland habitats where tree daisies are common-such as forest margins, scrub and shrublands, stabilised dunes, and rocky slopes-often in relatively open, sunny positions with free-draining soils. Because the species is poorly known in the literature, verified regional records should be consulted for precise locality details.
Like many Olearia , plants tolerate wind and salt spray to a degree, and are adapted to periodic drought once established.
Range and Sites
Recorded from coastal to lowland districts; look to open scrub, forest margins and rocky slopes with free‑draining soils and good light for likely occurrences.
Conservation Notes
The species has been assessed as Data Deficient, reflecting limited verified information on population size, distribution, and trends. Key pressures for tree daisies in general include habitat loss and fragmentation, browsing by herbivores, weed competition, and in some coastal areas, exposure to increasingly frequent storm events. Local herbarium records and regional council/DoC datasets should be consulted to clarify current status in specific districts.
How to Grow
Cultivation Requirements
Provide full sun to light shade and a well-drained soil. Avoid prolonged waterlogging. In mild coastal and lowland sites, Olearia species generally benefit from an open position with good air movement. Mulch lightly to conserve moisture through dry spells and to suppress weeds in the establishment phase.
Prune after flowering to maintain compact form and promote new shoots. Shelter young plants from the strongest, salt-laden winds until well rooted. In colder inland districts, choose a warm, frost-sheltered microclimate.
Planting Guide
Best Planting Practices
Plant in full sun or light shade; mulch to conserve moisture and keep the root zone cool; avoid waterlogged soils.
Ecology and Value
The daisy heads provide seasonal nectar and pollen resources for native insects. As a shrub or small tree, the plant contributes to shelter and structure in coastal and lowland shrublands and forest edges, supporting invertebrate diversity and offering perching sites for small birds.
Uses
Traditional and Modern Applications
Ideal for rock and gravel gardens that emulate alpine processes, or for specialised collections. Suited to sunny, maritime gardens with sandy or rocky soils where wind and salt are considerations. Fits woodland and understory schemes beneath open canopies, especially in restoration plantings.
Landscaping Ideas
Combine with compatible natives to echo its natural associates, and use stony or leaf‑litter mulches to reinforce the intended microclimate. Avoid cramped beds; allow room for the plant’s mature form to read as a clear structural element.
Seasonal Care
Year-Round Maintenance
Spring: check ties and remove winter damage. Summer: water deeply but infrequently to promote deep roots. Autumn: refresh mulches and reduce irrigation as growth slows. Winter: ensure drainage and exposure are maintained, especially on heavy soils.
Pruning
Pruning Techniques
Little pruning is required; remove dead or crossing material after flowering and avoid hard renovation cuts. Light tip‑pruning maintains compact form without compromising the plant’s natural character.
How to Grow Angular Tree Daisy
From Seed
Propagation of Olearia angulata from fresh seed is a viable method. Collect seeds (achenes) from the dried flower heads once they are mature, typically in late summer to autumn. Sow the seeds onto a very free-draining seed-raising mix, lightly covering them. Asteraceae seeds often benefit from light for germination, so cover only very lightly and keep evenly moist without saturation. Maintain cool, airy conditions and consistent moisture (avoiding waterlogging) in a protected environment. Germination can be erratic and slow, often taking several weeks to months. Once seedlings are robust enough to handle, prick them out into individual pots and grow them on in a cool, bright, and well-ventilated location until strong enough for planting out.
From Cuttings
Olearia angulata can be successfully propagated from semi-hardwood cuttings taken in late summer to early autumn. Select healthy, firm stem segments, about 10-15 cm long, from the current season's growth. Remove the lower leaves and dip the cut end in a rooting hormone to encourage root development. Insert the cuttings into a free-draining rooting medium such as a mix of sand and perlite. Provide high humidity around the cuttings, either by placing them in a propagation chamber or covering them with a plastic bag, and ensure consistent moisture in the rooting medium. Keep in a warm, bright location out of direct sunlight. Rooting typically occurs reliably within 8-16 weeks. Once rooted, gradually acclimatize plants to ambient conditions before potting up.
General Cultivation
The Angular Tree Daisy is a robust woody shrub or small tree that thrives in mild coastal to lowland climates with good light and free-draining soils. It is tolerant of wind and salt spray, making it an excellent choice for exposed maritime environments. Provide full sun to light shade and a well-drained soil; avoid prolonged waterlogging. In mild coastal and lowland sites, Olearia species generally benefit from an open position with good air movement. Mulch lightly to conserve moisture through dry spells and to suppress weeds in the establishment phase, keeping material clear of the stem base. Prune after flowering to maintain compact form and promote new shoots. Shelter young plants from the strongest, salt-laden winds until well rooted. In colder inland districts, choose a warm, frost-sheltered microclimate.
Pests and Diseases
Common Problems and Solutions
Good siting prevents most problems-sharp drainage and appropriate exposure are key. Crown and root rots arise if winter wet persists; keep crowns elevated and water moving. In still, shaded corners, sap‑suckers and sooty mould may appear; improve airflow and wash foliage if needed. Protect young plants from browsing where deer, goats or rabbits are present.
Cultural and Kaitiakitanga
No widely recorded specific Māori name is associated with this species. As a native shrub or small tree contributing to coastal and lowland ecosystems, it aligns with kaitiakitanga values through restoration and protection of indigenous plant communities. When sourcing plants, prefer eco-sourced material suitable for local ecosystems and follow best practice for restoration planting.
Bonus Tip
Expert Growing Advice
To encourage the most compact growth and abundant flowering, plant Olearia angulata in a position that receives full sun and has excellent air circulation. Ensure sharply drained soil to mimic its natural coastal and lowland habitats, preventing root rot and promoting overall plant vigor.
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